Best Unit 3 Operating System (CFOA) BCA 1st Year 2023

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UNIT 3

Operating system

• Operating System is a collection of software Set all programs, which manages the all the resources of the computer
• It is an important part of a almost every computer system.
• An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs
• An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all of the other application programs in a computer. The application programs make use of the operating system by making requests for services through a defined application program interface (API)
• The operating system (OS) manages all of the software and hardware on the computer. It performs basic tasks such as file, memory and process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
• It is an intermediates b/w the user and hardware

Characteristics.

• Security
• Memory management
• file management
• Device management
• Scheduling
• Input & output Control
• Resource Management

Types of operating system

• Batch Operating system
• Time Sharing Operating system
• Real Time Operating system
• Network Operating system
• Distributed Operating system

Advantage of Operating system

• No coding line
• Resource sharing
• Software Update
• User friendly
• Computing source
• Multitasking

Disadvantages of Operating system

• Expensive
• Highly complex
• System failure
• Virus Threats
• Reliability
• Fragmentation

MS-DOS

• MS-DOS for micro soft disk operating system is an operating system for PC
• Mostely developed by Microsoft
• Dos was the first operating system used by IBM compatible computer
• DOS was the first widely installed operating system for personal computer.
• This system program must always be present when working with your computer
• DOS Commands are instructions that allow Windows users to conduct tasks on files and folders. As you may know, a file is a container for a collection of information or data, and a directory is a collection of files. These are case insensitive.

Files

• In a computer data in stored in files
• In MS-DOS a file can be any size, however the file name is more restricted it can only have a maximum length of 8 characters plus 3 for the extension.
• A collection of information or material on one subject that is stored together in a computer o on a disk, with a particular name.
• The file command reads the files specified by the File parameter or the File List variable, performs a series of tests on each file, and attempts to classify them by type. The command then writes the file types to standard output.

Directories

• A directories is a location for storing files in your computer.
• A list of names, addresses and telephone numbers in the order of the alphabet
• A directory is a book which gives lists of facts, for example people’s names, addresses, and phone numbers, or the names and addresses of business companies, usually arranged in alphabetical order. … a telephone directory. Synonyms: index, listing, list, record More Synonyms of directory.

Internal command

• Internal commands are faster
• Internal Commands. 
• This commands are stored in internal memory.
• Ex- Date- C:\>DATE
• Vol- C:\>VOL
• Time-C:\>TIME
• Type-C:\>TYPE

External command

• This command are not permanent part of the memory
• External command are loaded when the user requires for them
• External command are slow
• External command requires more memory
• This command are stored in secondary memory
• Ex- Find = C:\>FIND
• Lable = C:\>LABLE
• Tree = C:\>TREE

Batch file

• A batch file is a text file that contains a sequence of commands for a computer operating system
• To increase the speed of tasks (save time)
• It helps automate routine tasks without requiring user input or intervention. Some common applications of batch files include loading programs, running multiple processes or performing repetitive actions in a sequence in the system.